The Nouvel Observateur made her one of coverage (number 2372 of 22 to 28 April 2010) on meditation as a new therapeutic form accepted by science, outside the strictly spiritual. MBSR and MBCT techniques based on the work of Jon Kabat-Zinn are in the spotlight. Such media recognition of meditative practice is an event. To celebrate here reproduces the main article of the special folder meditation, by Ursula Gauthier.
Self-knowledge, anti-stress therapy, wisdom ... Here are developing a new way to unwind and focus on the moment. Inherited Eastern practices, but validated by science, the art of meditation now attracts scholars and executives overactive.
When you hear "meditation," you tend to think ashram, Kathmandu, zazen, Tibetan temple, relaxing music and incense smoke? For most of us, meditation is indeed marked by the great wave of exotic 1960s who saw his appearance in our latitudes. Regardless of the amazing success since the monasteries of Europe, where we lost count of the Benedictines and the Carmelites who have adopted these methods with fervor. Neither the installation of sustainable landscapes in our communities Buddhist converts, with their temples, monasteries and their congregations. Meditation continues to be felt by the majority as "bizarre", "from elsewhere". But things could change quickly. Fifty years after its eruption, meditation has established itself in an environment not conducive to a priori speculation mystical world hospital. The movement began there two decades in North America under the leadership of physicians and scientists interested in its therapeutic effects. The one version called mindfulness - mindfulness is now practiced in 250 hospitals and clinics. France starts just to get started.
"This is a desperate need to not let myself be crushed by an uncontrollable disease that led me to meditation, Rose M. writes on a forum devoted to fibromyalgia, a condition extremely accompanied by debilitating fatigue and constant pain throughout the body. I had heard about the effect of mindfulness on chronic pain, I found on the internet free exercises. I practice for three years, and I intend to continue because meditation has changed everything for me. "Mr. Rose tells how she once went on" the suffering of pain "constantly fighting against itself, being" mad with rage "against the body that betrayed her. She lived in the complaint, resentment and bitterness at having lost his life before his health, his career. "Meditation has taught me to listen to the crackle of my body with care and gentleness, to work with them rather than against them, and suddenly I know tame the pain. She taught me to also live in the present, so I wonder if deep inside I did not win ... "
United States, more than 10 million people claim to practice a form of meditation regularly, twice more than a decade ago. Most of them do not choose a guru to guide them in the arcane. They are initiated in schools, hospitals, governments, large corporations, and even in law offices and prisons. Research is no exception. NIH, National Institute of Health American funded in 2008 more than 50 studies - against 3 in 2000 - aimed to evaluate the effect of mindfulness on stress, addictions, concentration, depression and even hot flashes.
Mindfulness
It is no coincidence that Jon Kabat-Zinn, the scientist who developed the new method, studied Zen in the 1970s with a Korean master and, to make pocket money, he gave yoga. Convinced of the effectiveness of these practices, it seeks a way to make them equivalent in a society that looks at these young enthusiasts spirituality East as "an army of Visigoths at the gates of the city," he recalls with humor. The solution: Purge the practice of any religious reference or rituals. With related elements borrowed from yoga, Zen and vipassana (a Buddhist practice Indo-Burma), it creates a very precise method, with a strict protocol, a method of training no less demanding, he named a popular concept in Buddhism: mindfulness. The official name is MBSR (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction), "stress reduction based on mindfulness. With his doctorate in molecular biology obtained from a Nobel Prize the famous MIT, he was not too difficult to convince the university hospital in Massachusetts to create a stress clinic where patients with chronic pain would be trained in the new method. The success is such that gradually extend the indications of headache pain associated with heart disease, AIDS, cancer and chronic conditions, immune and infectious diseases, infertility.
his colleagues dermatologists, Kabat-Zinn makes even a powerful experience on patients with psoriasis treated with UV in a cabin three times a week. Those who receive a simple recording of guided meditation, circulated in the cabin during the few minutes that exposure to UV rays, their injuries will heal four times faster than the others! For the father of mindfulness, doubt no longer allowed: Mindfulness actually acts on the body. Provided that we present now fully turned to what happens in us when it happens. "Meditation is not what you believe, has a habit of saying Kabat-Zinn in his listeners. This is not to "vacuum" in his head, but to pay attention to this, moment by moment. This "almost nothing is the easiest thing and most difficult of all, he insists. Our digital revolution has catapulted us into a world where we are called on from dementia, where there is more breathing space for our poor interior. We're constantly on autopilot, so much in doing that in it! Yet it is precisely to reconnect with our being. "
The potential of this approach for the pacification of the mind and maintaining emotional balance has not escaped the long shrinks. By 1993, the Canadian psychiatrist cognitivist Zindel Segal and two of his English colleagues seized of mindfulness and develop a version - incorporating aspects of their own psychotherapy practice - called MBCT (Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy) "cognitive therapy based on mindfulness. Tested on patients with a history of depression and anxiety in its Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, the method proved its effectiveness in reducing by half the risk of further relapses over two years. An amazing achievement when you know the fragility of these patients and the scarcity of appropriate interventions.
To gain freedom since
2000, Zindel Segal comes every year in Switzerland provide training where news of the finest psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in Europe. Among his first audience, the psychiatrist Christophe Andre: "The idea that we could prevent relapse of our patients with depression was big news, which allowed the French psychiatry to focus on prevention, something that she 's is being very late. The psychiatrist Anne is the first in France to open its service in a meditation group, composed half of patients and half of medical personnel. Over the years, young carers come here train and go up groups in different parts of France. So first through the shrinks that mindfulness begins to spread in France, where she is now spreading to the pain centers - an inverse pattern to that experienced by the United States. It shrinks to
trained in cognitive and behavioral therapies, CBT, which must be on the opening meditation. The TCCistes indeed seek to "reframe" the patient anxious or depressed by acting either on their behavior, either on their "cognition", that is to say about "automatic thoughts" and generally false and demeaning they maintain constant about themselves and have the effect of pushing them to fail. But how to approach emotions inadequate or disproportionate? "Meditation is a more effective tool to help manage negative emotions, fear, sadness, shame, says Dr Andrew. It must go through other brain circuits that verbal instructions that we can give these patients, who usually do anything to escape the painful feelings, lest they lead them into the spiral of panic or depression , learn to coexist with them in practice, the time of meditation, without correct or avoid them. Result: they are less afraid of their fear, they ruminate less, unless they stick to their inner speech they become even more freedom. "
But, says psychiatrist Fred Rosenfeld in his guide to meditation (1), this exercise is not without dangers. It should not be practiced by people undergoing depression or vulnerable individuals prone to delusions and hallucinations. The best option is to ask professionals who have received proper training (2). As for those who want to drink from the original source, they can turn to the advice of the monk Matthieu Ricard (3), who has taught Buddhist meditation with venerable Tibetan lamas. Our national heritage is among those who are the bridge between tradition thousands of years of Buddhist East and the latest developments in neuroscience. By lending his brain from athlete to their MRI and other brain imaging techniques, he helped show that regular practice of meditation alters brain physiology. Since the experiments on the guinea pigs of a particular kind, the concept of "brain plasticity" has taken precedence over that of "neuronal loss. No, our brain not irreversibly depleted with age. It may instead build muscle, grow and gain qualifications that only intensive training can acquire, like states lasting serenity, compassion and happiness.
(1) "To meditate is to heal," Arenas.
(2) See the directory of the Association for the Development of Mindfulness
(3) "The Art of Meditation, Nile
Self-knowledge, anti-stress therapy, wisdom ... Here are developing a new way to unwind and focus on the moment. Inherited Eastern practices, but validated by science, the art of meditation now attracts scholars and executives overactive.
When you hear "meditation," you tend to think ashram, Kathmandu, zazen, Tibetan temple, relaxing music and incense smoke? For most of us, meditation is indeed marked by the great wave of exotic 1960s who saw his appearance in our latitudes. Regardless of the amazing success since the monasteries of Europe, where we lost count of the Benedictines and the Carmelites who have adopted these methods with fervor. Neither the installation of sustainable landscapes in our communities Buddhist converts, with their temples, monasteries and their congregations. Meditation continues to be felt by the majority as "bizarre", "from elsewhere". But things could change quickly. Fifty years after its eruption, meditation has established itself in an environment not conducive to a priori speculation mystical world hospital. The movement began there two decades in North America under the leadership of physicians and scientists interested in its therapeutic effects. The one version called mindfulness - mindfulness is now practiced in 250 hospitals and clinics. France starts just to get started.
"This is a desperate need to not let myself be crushed by an uncontrollable disease that led me to meditation, Rose M. writes on a forum devoted to fibromyalgia, a condition extremely accompanied by debilitating fatigue and constant pain throughout the body. I had heard about the effect of mindfulness on chronic pain, I found on the internet free exercises. I practice for three years, and I intend to continue because meditation has changed everything for me. "Mr. Rose tells how she once went on" the suffering of pain "constantly fighting against itself, being" mad with rage "against the body that betrayed her. She lived in the complaint, resentment and bitterness at having lost his life before his health, his career. "Meditation has taught me to listen to the crackle of my body with care and gentleness, to work with them rather than against them, and suddenly I know tame the pain. She taught me to also live in the present, so I wonder if deep inside I did not win ... "
United States, more than 10 million people claim to practice a form of meditation regularly, twice more than a decade ago. Most of them do not choose a guru to guide them in the arcane. They are initiated in schools, hospitals, governments, large corporations, and even in law offices and prisons. Research is no exception. NIH, National Institute of Health American funded in 2008 more than 50 studies - against 3 in 2000 - aimed to evaluate the effect of mindfulness on stress, addictions, concentration, depression and even hot flashes.
Mindfulness
It is no coincidence that Jon Kabat-Zinn, the scientist who developed the new method, studied Zen in the 1970s with a Korean master and, to make pocket money, he gave yoga. Convinced of the effectiveness of these practices, it seeks a way to make them equivalent in a society that looks at these young enthusiasts spirituality East as "an army of Visigoths at the gates of the city," he recalls with humor. The solution: Purge the practice of any religious reference or rituals. With related elements borrowed from yoga, Zen and vipassana (a Buddhist practice Indo-Burma), it creates a very precise method, with a strict protocol, a method of training no less demanding, he named a popular concept in Buddhism: mindfulness. The official name is MBSR (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction), "stress reduction based on mindfulness. With his doctorate in molecular biology obtained from a Nobel Prize the famous MIT, he was not too difficult to convince the university hospital in Massachusetts to create a stress clinic where patients with chronic pain would be trained in the new method. The success is such that gradually extend the indications of headache pain associated with heart disease, AIDS, cancer and chronic conditions, immune and infectious diseases, infertility.
his colleagues dermatologists, Kabat-Zinn makes even a powerful experience on patients with psoriasis treated with UV in a cabin three times a week. Those who receive a simple recording of guided meditation, circulated in the cabin during the few minutes that exposure to UV rays, their injuries will heal four times faster than the others! For the father of mindfulness, doubt no longer allowed: Mindfulness actually acts on the body. Provided that we present now fully turned to what happens in us when it happens. "Meditation is not what you believe, has a habit of saying Kabat-Zinn in his listeners. This is not to "vacuum" in his head, but to pay attention to this, moment by moment. This "almost nothing is the easiest thing and most difficult of all, he insists. Our digital revolution has catapulted us into a world where we are called on from dementia, where there is more breathing space for our poor interior. We're constantly on autopilot, so much in doing that in it! Yet it is precisely to reconnect with our being. "
The potential of this approach for the pacification of the mind and maintaining emotional balance has not escaped the long shrinks. By 1993, the Canadian psychiatrist cognitivist Zindel Segal and two of his English colleagues seized of mindfulness and develop a version - incorporating aspects of their own psychotherapy practice - called MBCT (Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy) "cognitive therapy based on mindfulness. Tested on patients with a history of depression and anxiety in its Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto, the method proved its effectiveness in reducing by half the risk of further relapses over two years. An amazing achievement when you know the fragility of these patients and the scarcity of appropriate interventions.
To gain freedom since
2000, Zindel Segal comes every year in Switzerland provide training where news of the finest psychiatrists and clinical psychologists in Europe. Among his first audience, the psychiatrist Christophe Andre: "The idea that we could prevent relapse of our patients with depression was big news, which allowed the French psychiatry to focus on prevention, something that she 's is being very late. The psychiatrist Anne is the first in France to open its service in a meditation group, composed half of patients and half of medical personnel. Over the years, young carers come here train and go up groups in different parts of France. So first through the shrinks that mindfulness begins to spread in France, where she is now spreading to the pain centers - an inverse pattern to that experienced by the United States. It shrinks to
trained in cognitive and behavioral therapies, CBT, which must be on the opening meditation. The TCCistes indeed seek to "reframe" the patient anxious or depressed by acting either on their behavior, either on their "cognition", that is to say about "automatic thoughts" and generally false and demeaning they maintain constant about themselves and have the effect of pushing them to fail. But how to approach emotions inadequate or disproportionate? "Meditation is a more effective tool to help manage negative emotions, fear, sadness, shame, says Dr Andrew. It must go through other brain circuits that verbal instructions that we can give these patients, who usually do anything to escape the painful feelings, lest they lead them into the spiral of panic or depression , learn to coexist with them in practice, the time of meditation, without correct or avoid them. Result: they are less afraid of their fear, they ruminate less, unless they stick to their inner speech they become even more freedom. "
But, says psychiatrist Fred Rosenfeld in his guide to meditation (1), this exercise is not without dangers. It should not be practiced by people undergoing depression or vulnerable individuals prone to delusions and hallucinations. The best option is to ask professionals who have received proper training (2). As for those who want to drink from the original source, they can turn to the advice of the monk Matthieu Ricard (3), who has taught Buddhist meditation with venerable Tibetan lamas. Our national heritage is among those who are the bridge between tradition thousands of years of Buddhist East and the latest developments in neuroscience. By lending his brain from athlete to their MRI and other brain imaging techniques, he helped show that regular practice of meditation alters brain physiology. Since the experiments on the guinea pigs of a particular kind, the concept of "brain plasticity" has taken precedence over that of "neuronal loss. No, our brain not irreversibly depleted with age. It may instead build muscle, grow and gain qualifications that only intensive training can acquire, like states lasting serenity, compassion and happiness.
(1) "To meditate is to heal," Arenas.
(2) See the directory of the Association for the Development of Mindfulness
(3) "The Art of Meditation, Nile
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